What is tovex used for?

Tovex is used by 80% of international oil companies for seismic exploration.

What is ANFO mining?

ANFO is a free flowing (loose poured) mixture of ammonium nitrate prill and fuel oil, formulated to be oxygen balanced, for use in dry blastholes. ANFO can be used as a column charge in mining or quarrying and for general blasting work.

What is ammonium nitrate emulsion?

ANE (Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion) Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion (also called EP or Emulsion Phase) is ammonium nitrate dissolved in water and suspended in oil. It is an oxidising agent used to manufacture a range of bulk blasting agents. The oil surface gives emulsion based products improved water resistance.

How is ammonium nitrate used in mining?

Ammonium nitrate prills provide a much more concentrated supply of oxygen than the air around us. This is why it is effective in mining explosives, where it’s mixed with oil and other fuels. Ammonium nitrate decomposition can be set off if an explosion occurs where it’s stored, if there is an intense fire nearby.

What is emulsion explosive?

Emulsion explosives are applied in the mining industry are usually water-in-oil emulsions, where the aqueous phase (an aqueous solution of AN) is dispersed in fuel oil. To produce emulsion explosives an aqueous solution of AN was used. A typical concentration of AN is ca 94.0 ÷ 99.0%.

Does ANFO need a booster?

The detonation wave from the blasting cap would cause detonation of the dynamite. To make a large hole in the earth, an inexpensive explosive such as ANFO might be used. In this case, the detonation wave from the blasting cap is not powerful enough to cause detonation, so a booster must be used in a 3- or 4-step train.

How is ANFO mixed?

The usual ANFO formulation contains about 94% by weight ammonium nitrate and 6% diesel fuel oil. If recycled (used) lubricating oil could be safely substituted for the fuel oil, up to about 27 million gallons could be consumed.

Is ammonium nitrate emulsion an explosive?

Ammonium nitrate emulsion (ANE) is extremely insensitive to initiation. In order to become detonable and be utilized as explosives, ANE needs to be sensitized.

What is known as C 4 of the military explosives?

C4 – A white, pliable military plastic explosive containing primarily Cyclonite (RDX). Cannon Fuse – A coated, thread-wrapped cord filled with black powder designed to initiate flame-sensitive explosives.